politeness

Related Term(s)

Sources

• HOLMES 1992 296ff.

  HOLMES, Janet. (1992) An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. New York: Longman.

• ARNDT & JANNEY 1987 373ff. (also "politeness principle")

  ARNDT, Horst & JANNEY, Richard Wayne. (1987) InterGrammar: Toward an Integrative Model of Verbal, Prosodic and Kinesic Choices in Speech. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

• HUDSON 1996 114

  HUDSON, R.A. (1996) Sociolinguistics, 2nd Edition. Cambridge: University Press.

• LEECH 1983 81ff. (also "Politeness Principle (PP)", "absolute politeness", "relative politeness")

  LEECH, Geoffrey N. (1983) Principles of Pragmatics. Longman: London.

• COLLINGE 1990 194

  COLLINGE, N. E. (1990) An Encyclopaedia of Language. London: Routledge.

• LEVINSON 1983 274 (politeness marker)

  LEVINSON, Stephen C. (1983) Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

• HOCK 1986 325

  HOCK, Hans Henrich. (1986) Principles of Historical Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

• AKMAJIAN etal. 1984 459

  AKMAJIAN, Adrian, DEMERS, Richard A., & HARNISH, Robert M. (1984) Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication, 2nd Ed. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

• Clark & Clark 1977 244-245

  CLARK, Herbert H. & Eve V. (1977) Psychology and Language: An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich.

• ELL 3206 f.

  The Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics. (1994) Oxford: Pergamon Press.

• BROWN & LEVINSON 1ff.

  BROWN, Penelope & LEVINSON, Stephen C. (1987) Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.

• FASOLD 1990 159f.

  FASOLD, Ralph. (1990) The Sociolinguistics of Language. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

• McLaughlin 1984 144-146

  McLAUGHLIN, Margaret L. (1984) Conversation: How Talk is Organized. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.

• FERGUSON 1959 329 (politeness formula)

  FERGUSON, Charles. (1959) "Diglossia," in Word 15, 325-340.

• RICHARDS etal. 1992 281 (also "politeness marker")

  RICHARDS, Jack, PLATT, J. & WEBER, H. (1992) Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. London: Longman.

• CRYSTAL 2003 358 (politeness phenomena)

  CRYSTAL, David. (2003) A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 5th Ed Oxford: Blackwell.

• KROEGER 2005 140

  KROEGER, Paul R. (2005) Analyzing Grammar: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.