arbitrariness

Synonym(s)

Antonym(s)

Sources

• TRASK 1996 31

  TRASK, R. L. (1996) A Dictionary of Phonetics and Phonology. London: Routledge. 

• HARTMANN & STORK 1972 17

  HARTMANN, R.R.K. & STORK, F.C. (1972) Dictionary of Language and Linguistics. London: Applied Science Publishers.

• LYONS 1977 70

  LYONS, John. (1977) Semantics. Vols. 1 & 2. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.

• PALMATIER 1972 11-12 (arbitrary relationship)

  PALMATIER, Robert A. (1972) A Glossary for English Transformational Grammar. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

• HOCK 1986 280

  HOCK, Hans Henrich. (1986) Principles of Historical Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

• BEAUGRANDE & DRESSLER 1981 148 (arbitrary convention)

  BEAUGRANDE, Robert de & DRESSLER, Wolfgang. (1981) Introduction to Text Linguistics. London: Longman.

• COLAPIETRO 1993 29-30

  COLAPIETRO, Vincent M. (1993) Glossary of Semiotics. New York: Paragon House.

• NÖTH 1990 240

  NÖTH, Winfried. (1990) Handbook of Semiotics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 

• ES 32

  Encyclopedia of Semiotics. (1998) Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• ELL 3667

  The Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics. (1994) Oxford: Pergamon Press.

• Ducrot & Todorov 1979[trans.] 130 (linguistic arbitrariness)

  DUCROT, Oswald and TODOROV, Tzvetan. (1979 [trans.]) Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Sciences of Language. Trans. by Catherine Porter. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 

• MATTHEWS 1997 24

  MATTHEWS, P.H. (1997) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• CRYSTAL 2003 30-31

  CRYSTAL, David. (2003) A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 5th Ed Oxford: Blackwell.