markedness

Related Term(s)

Sources

• TRASK 1993 167 (markedness shift)

  TRASK, R. L. (1993) A Dictionary of Grammatical Terms in Linguistics. New York: Routledge.

• TRASK 1996 217 (also "markedness rule", "markedness shift", "markedness theory")

  TRASK, R. L. (1996) A Dictionary of Phonetics and Phonology. London: Routledge. 

• LYONS 1977 305 (= marking)

  LYONS, John. (1977) Semantics. Vols. 1 & 2. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.

• WALES 1989 287

  WALES, Katie. (1989) A Dictionary of Stylistics. London: Longman. 

• PALMATIER 1972 92

  PALMATIER, Robert A. (1972) A Glossary for English Transformational Grammar. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

• LEVINSON 1983 333

  LEVINSON, Stephen C. (1983) Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

• COLLINGE 1990 159-160

  COLLINGE, N. E. (1990) An Encyclopaedia of Language. London: Routledge.

• Clark & Clark 1977 427, 523

  CLARK, Herbert H. & Eve V. (1977) Psychology and Language: An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich.

• DIK 1978 76-77, 111 (markedness shift)

  DIK, Simon C. (1978) Functional Grammar. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co.

• DIK I 1997 41ff. (also "markedness shift")

  DIK, Simon C. (1997) The Theory of Functional Grammar, Part 1, 2nd edition: The Structure of the Clause. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

• NÖTH 1990 76

  NÖTH, Winfried. (1990) Handbook of Semiotics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 

• LEHMANN 1992 37-38 (marking)

  LEHMANN, Winfred P. (1992) Historical Linguistics, 3rd Edition. London: Routledge.

• KESS 1992 234

  KESS, Joseph F. (1992) Psycholinguistics: Psychology, Linguistics and the Study of Natural Language. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

• COLAPIETRO 1993 140

  COLAPIETRO, Vincent M. (1993) Glossary of Semiotics. New York: Paragon House.

• GIVON 1984 302

  GIVON, Talmy. (1984) Syntax: A Functional-Typological Introduction, Vols. I & II. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

• GRIMES 1975 277

  GRIMES, Joseph E. (1975) The Thread of Discourse. The Hague: Mouton.

• LABOV 1994 17 (markedness theory)

  LABOV, William. (1994) Principles of Linguistic Change Volume 1: Internal Factors. Cambridge, MA : Blackwell.

• COMRIE 1976 111ff.

  COMRIE, Bernard. (1976) Aspect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• DIXON 1994 56

  DIXON, R.M.W. (1994) Ergativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• RADFORD 1988 39 (also "markedness theory")

  RADFORD, Andrew. (1988) Transformational Grammar: A First Course. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

• CORBETT 1991 290-291

  CORBETT, Greville. (1991) Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• CROFT 1990 64ff.

  CROFT, William. (1990) Typology and Universals. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.

• CHOMSKY 1981 7-8

  CHOMSKY, Noam. (1981) Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht : Foris Publications.

• ELL 2378ff.

  The Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics. (1994) Oxford: Pergamon Press.

• Ducrot & Todorov 1979[trans.] 112

  DUCROT, Oswald and TODOROV, Tzvetan. (1979 [trans.]) Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Sciences of Language. Trans. by Catherine Porter. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 

• RUWET 1973[trans.] 148

  RUWET, Nicholas. (1973 [trans.]) An Introduction to Generative Grammar. Trans. by Norval S.H. Smith. Amsterdam : North-Holland Publishing Co.

• MATTHEWS 1997 218 (markedness reversal)

  MATTHEWS, P.H. (1997) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• RICHARDS etal. 1992 220-221

  RICHARDS, Jack, PLATT, J. & WEBER, H. (1992) Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics. London: Longman.

• CRYSTAL 2003 282-284

  CRYSTAL, David. (2003) A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 5th Ed Oxford: Blackwell.

• FINCH 2000 23

  FINCH, Geoffrey. (2000) Linguistic Terms and Concepts. New York: St. Martin's Press.